Paper Towels And Its Effects On The World - 891 Words

I still remember the pause I had when I was about to pull the paper towel in the restroom of my college. That pause came with the recollection of the commitment I had made, not to use things whose productions lead to deforestation- conversion of forested regions to non-forest land for human use and industrial gain until I really need it. After a long look at the mirror, I smirked to myself and turned around settling my wet hands in my pants pocket so that they would dry till I reach my class. After a few days of attachment to the commitment, I realized that although it might be just a drop of water in an ocean but we can really minimize the consumption of products that lead to deforestation. For that, I have decided to recycle my books and also prioritize in purchasing recycled materials as much as possible. Carrying handkerchief instead of paper towels is another thing that I have decided to do. Alongside that, I have convinced my friends to reduce the use of products that com e from forest resources which they are legitimately positive about . Deep thinking on well known yet ignored issue of deforestation and its consequences which needs to be controlled in order to maintain livable environment in this world convinced me to make some commitments in hopes of minimizing the excessive use of products that lead to deforestation. â€Å"The trees in the jungle are cut to make paper to write reports on how to save forests†, appreciating the sarcasmShow MoreRelatedThe Effect Of Salinity On Growth And Development1508 Words   |  7 PagesFactors affecting gravitropism: The effect of salinity on gravitropism shown in downward root growth Background information: Gravity greatly influences plant growth and development. When plants enters the first stages of growth, the primary factor that determines the outcome of the plant’s survival is gravitropism. 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The Return Shadow Souls Chapter 41 Free Essays

string(28) " that had brought it about\." â€Å"Stefan!† Elena screamed and knew that she sounded like a madwoman when she screamed it. There was no answer. She was running. We will write a custom essay sample on The Return: Shadow Souls Chapter 41 or any similar topic only for you Order Now Following the light. â€Å"Stefan! Stefan!† An empty cell. A yellowed mummy. A pyramid of dust. Somehow, subconsciously, she suspected one of these things. And any one would have caused her to run out to fight Bloddeuwedd with her bare hands. Instead, when she reached the right cell, she saw a weary young man, whose face showed that he had given up all hope. He lifted a stick-thin arm, rejecting her utterly. â€Å"They told me the truth. You were exported for aiding a prisoner. I’m not susceptible to dreams anymore.† â€Å"Stefan!† She fell to her knees. â€Å"Do we have to go through this every single time?† â€Å"Do you know how often they re-create you, bitch?† Elena was shocked. More than shocked. But the next moment the hatred had faded from his face. â€Å"At least I get to look at you. I had†¦I had a picture. But they took that, of course. They cut it up, very slowly, making me watch. Sometimes they made me cut it. If I didn’t cut it, they would – â€Å" â€Å"Oh, darling! Stefan, darling! Look at me. Listen to the prison. Bloddeuwedd is destroying it. Because I’ve stolen the other half of your key from her nest, Stefan, and I am not a dream. Do you see this? Did they ever show you this?† She held out the hand with the double fox ring on it. â€Å"Now – now – where do I put it?† â€Å"You are warm. The bars are cold,† Stefan said, clutching her hand and speaking as if reciting out of a children’s book. â€Å"Here!† Elena cried triumphantly. She didn’t need to take the ring off. Stefan was holding her other hand, and this lock worked like a seal ring. She placed it straight into a circular depression in the wall. Then, when nothing happened, she turned it right. Nothing. Left. The cell bars slowly began to lift into the ceiling. Elena couldn’t believe it and for an instant thought she was hallucinating. Then when she turned sharply to look at the ground she saw that the bars were already at least a foot above it. Then she looked at Stefan, who was standing again. Both of them fell back to their knees. They would have both gotten down and wriggled like snakes if necessary, the need to touch was so great. The horizontal struts on the bars made it impossible for them to hold hands as the bars lifted. Then the bars were over the top of Elena’s head and she was holding Stefan – she was holding Stefan in her arms! – appalled to feel bones under her hands, but holding him, and no one could tell her he was a hallucination or a dream, and if she and Stefan had to die together, then they would die together. Nothing mattered but that they not be separated again. She covered the unfamiliar, bony face with kisses. Strange, no half-grown, gone-to-the-wild beard, but vampires didn’t grow beards unless they had them when they became vampires. And then there were other people in the cell. Good people. People laughing and crying and helping her create a makeshift litter out of stinking blankets and Stefan’s pallet and no one screamed when lice jumped on them because everyone knew that Elena would have turned and ripped their throat out like Saber. Or rather, like Saber, but as Ms. Courtland had always said, with feeling. To Saber it was just a job. Then somehow – things had begun to become disconnected – Elena was watching Stefan’s beloved face and gripping his litter, and running – he didn’t weigh anything – up a different corridor than the one she’d fought and shouldered and pushed and floundered in on her way in. Apparently all the Shi no Shi’s salmon had chosen the other corridor to swim up. Undoubtedly there was a safe place for them at the end on that side. And even as Elena wondered how a face could be so pure, and handsome, and perfect, even when it looked almost like a skull, she was thinking, I can run and stoop. And she bent over Stefan and her hair made a shield around them, so that it was just the two of them inside it. The entire outside world was shut out, and they were alone, and she said in his ear: â€Å"Please, we need you to be strong. Please – for me. Please – for Bonnie. Please – for Damon. Plea – â€Å" She would have gone on naming all of them, and probably some over and over, but it was too much already. After his long deprivation, Stefan was in no mood to be contrary. His head darted up and Elena felt more than the usual pain because he was at the wrong angle, and Elena was glad because Stefan had struck a vein down its length and blood was flowing into his mouth in a steady stream. They had to go a little more slowly now, or Elena would have tripped and colored Stefan’s face maroon like a demon’s, but they were still jogging. Someone else was guiding them. Then, very suddenly they stopped. Elena, eyes shut, mind locked on to Stefan’s, would not have looked up for the world. But in a moment they were moving again, and there was a feeling of spaciousness all around Elena and she realized that they were in the lobby and she had to make sure everyone knew. It’s on the left side of us now, she sent to Damon. It’s close to the front. It’s a door with all sorts of symbols above. I believe I’m familiar with the species, Damon sent back dryly, but even he couldn’t hide two things from her. One was that he was glad, actually glad to feel Elena’s elation, and to know that it was he, in the main part, that had brought it about. You read "The Return: Shadow Souls Chapter 41" in category "Essay examples" The other was simple. That if there was a choice between the life of himself and the life of his brother, he would give his own life. For Elena’s sake, for his own pride. For Stefan. Elena didn’t dwell on these secret things she had no right to know. She simply embraced them, let Stefan feel them in all their raw vibrancy, and made sure there was no feedback to tell Damon that Stefan knew. Angels were singing in heaven for her. Black Magic rose petals were scattering around her body. There was a release of doves and she felt their wings. She was happy. But she was not safe. She only learned it as she entered the lobby, but they were very lucky that the Dimensional Door was on the side it was. Bloddeuwedd had methodically destroyed the other side until it had collapsed into a mound that was nothing but splintered wood. Elena and Bloddeuwedd’s feud might have started out as a quarrel between a hostess who thought her guest had broken the house rules and a guest who just wanted to run away, but it had become a war to the death. And given the way vampires, werewolves, demons, and other folk down here in the Dark Dimension reacted, it had created a sensation. The Guardians had their hands full keeping people out of the building. Dead bodies lay strewn on the street. Oh, God, the people! The poor people! Elena thought, as this at last came into her field of view. As for the Guardians, who were keeping this place clear and fighting Bloddeuwedd on her behalf – God bless you for that, Elena thought, envisioning a standing-room-only lobby as they tried to race with Stefan across the floor. As it was, they were alone. â€Å"Now we need your key again, Elena,† Damon’s voice, just above her, said. Elena gently pried Stefan off her throat. â€Å"Just for a moment, my darling. Just for a moment.† Looking at the door, Elena was confounded for several moments. There was a hole, but nothing happened when she put the ring in it and pushed, jammed, or twisted left or right. Out of the corner of her eye she saw some dark shadow above her, dismissed it as irrelevant, and then had it come screaming at her like a dive-bomber, steel talons reaching for her. There was no roof. Bloddeuwedd’s talons had methodically ripped it away. Elena knew it. Because somehow Elena suddenly saw the whole of the situation, not just her part in it, but as if she were someone outside her body, who understood many more things than puny little Elena Gilbert did. The Guardians were here to prevent collateral damage. They could or would not stop Bloddeuwedd. Elena knew that, too. All the people running down the other corridor had been doing what an owl’s prey normally does. They had been dashing for the bottom of their burrow. There was an enormous safe room there. Somehow, Elena knew it. But now, blurrily but definitely, Bloddeuwedd saw the ones she had been after in the first place, the nest robbers, the ones who had forever put out one of her huge round orange far-seeing eyes, and cut her so deeply that the other eye was filling with blood. Elena could feel it. Bloddeuwedd could see they were the ones who had caused her to smash her beak. The criminals, the savages, the ones she would tear to pieces slowly, slowly, a limb at a time, switching from one to another as she clutched five or six in one set of claws, or as she watched them, unable to run from lack of limbs, writhing beneath her. Elena could sense it. Beneath her. Right now†¦they were directly beneath Bloddeuwedd. Bloddeuwedd dove. â€Å"Saber! Talon!† shouted Sage, but Elena knew that there would be no distraction now. There would be nothing but killing and tearing, slowly, and screams echoing off the single lobby wall. Elena could picture it. â€Å"It won’t open, damn it,† shouted Damon. He was manipulating Elena’s wrist to move the key in the hole. But no matter how he pulled or pushed, nothing happened. Bloddeuwedd was almost upon them. She accelerated, throwing telepathic images before her. Sinew stretching, joints cracking, bone splintering†¦ Elena knew – NOOOOO! Elena’s cup of rage ran over. Suddenly she saw everything she needed to know in one great sweeping epiphany. But it was too late to get Stefan inside the door, so the first thing she shouted was â€Å"Wings of Protection!† Bloddeuwedd, barely six feet away, slammed into a barrier that a nuclear missile could not have harmed. She slammed into it at the speed of a racing car and with the mass of a medium-sized airplane. Horror exploded beak first against Elena’s wings. They were clear green at the top, dotted with flashing emeralds, and shading into a dawn pink covered with crystals at the bottom. The wings enwrapped all six humans and two animals – and they did not move by one millimeter when Bloddeuwedd smashed into them. Bloddeuwedd had made herself roadkill. Shutting her eyes, and trying not to think of the maiden who had been made of flowers (and who had killed her husband! Elena told herself desperately) with dry lips, and wetness trickling down her cheeks, Elena turned back to the door. Put the ring in. Made sure it was flush. And said, â€Å"Fell’s Church, Virginia, USA, Earth. Near the boardinghouse, please.† It was well after midnight. Matt was sleeping on the bunker’s cot, while Mrs. Flowers slept on the couch, when they were suddenly wakened by a thump. â€Å"What on earth?† Mrs. Flowers got up and stared out the window, which should have been dark. â€Å"Be careful, ma’am,† Matt said automatically, but couldn’t help adding, â€Å"What is it?† – as always, expecting the worst and making sure the revolver with the blessed bullets was ready. â€Å"It’s†¦light,† Mrs. Flowers said helplessly. â€Å"I don’t know what else to say about it. It’s light.† Matt could see the light, throwing shadows on their bunker floor. There was no sound of thunder, and hadn’t been since he woke up. Hastily he ran to join Mrs. Flowers at the window. â€Å"Did you ever†¦?† exclaimed Mrs. Flowers, lifting her hands and dropping them again. â€Å"Whatever could it mean?† â€Å"I don’t know, but I remember everybody talking about ley lines. Lines of Power in the ground.† â€Å"Yes, but those run along the surface of the earth. They don’t point upward, like – like a fountain!† Mrs. Flowers said. â€Å"But I heard that wherever three ley lines come together – I think Damon said – they can form a Gate. A Gate to where they were going.† â€Å"Dear me,† said Mrs. Flowers. â€Å"You mean you think one of those Gateway things is out there? Maybe it’s them, coming back.† â€Å"It couldn’t be.† The time Matt had spent with this particular old woman had made him not only respect her, but love her. â€Å"But I don’t think we should go outside, anyway.† â€Å"Dear Matt. You are such a comfort to me,† Mrs. Flowers murmured. Matt didn’t really see how. It was all her stored food and water they were using. Even the fold-up cot was hers. If he had been on his own he might have investigated this†¦extraordinary thing. Three spotlights shining out of the ground at an angle so that they met just about at the height of a human being. Bright lights. And getting brighter every minute. Matt sucked in his breath. Three ley lines, huh? God, it was probably an invasion of monsters. He didn’t even dare to hope. Elena didn’t know if she had needed to say USA or Earth, or even if the door could take her to Fell’s Church, or if Damon would have to give her the name of some gate that was close to it. But†¦surely†¦with all those ley lines†¦ The door opened, revealing a small room like an elevator. Sage said quietly, â€Å"Can you four carry him if you have to fight, too?† And – after a second to unravel what this meant – three shrieks of protest, in three different feminine tones, came. â€Å"No! Oh, please, no! Oh don’t leave us!!† – Bonnie, begging. â€Å"You’re not coming home with us?† – Meredith, straight-from-the-shoulder. â€Å"I order you to get in – and make it quick!† – Elena. â€Å"Such a dominant woman,† murmured Sage. â€Å"Ah, well, it seems the Great Pendulum has swung again. I am only a man. I obey.† â€Å"What? Does that mean you’re coming?† Bonnie cried. â€Å"It means I am coming, yes.† Gently, Sage took Stefan’s wasted body in his arms and stepped into the little cubicle inside the door. Unlike the first keys Elena had used today, this one seemed to work more like a voice-activated elevator†¦she hoped. After all, Shinichi and Misao had each only needed one key for themselves. Here, a number of people might want to go to the same place at once. She hoped. Sage back-kicked Stefan’s old bedding away. Something rattled on the ground. â€Å"Oh – † Stefan reached helplessly for it. â€Å"It’s my Elena diamond. I found it on the floor after†¦Ã¢â‚¬  â€Å"Plenty more where that came from,† Meredith said. â€Å"It’s important to him,† Damon, who was already inside, said. Instead of crowding farther into the elevator, the little room that might disappear at any second, that might be gone for Fell’s Church before he could turn back, he walked out into the lobby, looked closely at the floor, and knelt. Then, quickly, he reached down and then got up and hurried into the little room again. â€Å"Do you want to hold it or shall I?† â€Å"You hold it†¦for me. Take care of it.† Anyone who knew of Damon’s track record, especially with regards to Elena or even an old diamond that had belonged to Elena, would have said Stefan had to be a madman. But Stefan wasn’t mad. He clasped his hand over his brother’s that held the diamond. â€Å"And I’ll hold on to you,† he said with a faint, wry smile. â€Å"I don’t know if anyone is interested,† Meredith said, â€Å"but there is a single button on the inside of this contraption.† â€Å"Push it!† cried Sage and Bonnie, but Elena cried more loudly, â€Å"No – wait!† She’d spotted something. Across the lobby, the Guardians had been unable to stop a single, apparently unarmed citizen from entering the room and crossing the floor at a high-paced graceful glide. He must have been over six feet tall, wearing an entirely white tunic and breeches, which matched his long white hair, alert foxlike ears, and the long flowing silky tail that waved behind him. â€Å"Shut the door!† bellowed Sage. â€Å"Oh, my!† breathed Bonnie. â€Å"Can someone tell me what the hell is going on?† snarled Damon. â€Å"Don’t worry. It’s only a fellow prisoner. A silent fellow. Hey, you got out, too!† Stefan was smiling and that was enough for Elena. And the intruder was holding out something to him that – well, it couldn’t be what it looked like – but it was getting quite close now and it looked like a bouquet of flowers. â€Å"That is a kitsune, is it not?† Meredith asked, as if the world had gone mad around her. â€Å"A prisoner – † said Stefan. â€Å"A THIEF!† shouted Sage. â€Å"Hush!† said Elena. â€Å"He can probably hear even if he can’t speak.† By then the kitsune was upon them. He met Stefan’s eye, glanced at the others and held out the bouquet, which was heavily sealed in plastic wrap and some kind of long stickers with magical-looking inscriptions on them. â€Å"This is for Stefan,† he said. Everyone, including Stefan, gasped. â€Å"Now I must deal with some tiresome Guardians.† He sighed. â€Å"And you must press the button to make the room go, Beauty,† he said to Elena. Elena, who had momentarily been fascinated by the whisking of a fluffy tail around silken breeches suddenly blushed scarlet. She was remembering certain things. Certain things that had seemed very different†¦in a lonely dungeon†¦in the dark of artificially formed night†¦. Oh, well. Best to put a brave face on it. â€Å"Thank you,† she said, and pushed the button. The doors began to close. â€Å"Thank you again!† she added, bowing slightly to the kitsune. â€Å"I’m Elena.† â€Å"Yoroshiku. I am – â€Å" The door shut between them. â€Å"Is it that you have gone crazy?† Sage cried. â€Å"Taking a bouquet from a fox!† â€Å"You’re the one who seems to know him, Monsieur Sage,† Meredith said. â€Å"What’s his name?† â€Å"I do not know his name! I do know he stole three-fifths of the Seine Cloister Treasure from me! I know that he is expert, but expert at cheating at the cards! Ahh!† The last was not a cry of rage but an exclamation of alarm, for the little room was moving sideways, plunging downward, almost stopping, before it resumed its former steady motion. â€Å"Will it really take us to Fell’s Church?† Bonnie asked timidly, and Damon put an arm around her. â€Å"It’ll take us somewhere,† he promised. â€Å"And then we’ll see. We’re a pretty able set of survivalists.† â€Å"Which reminds me,† Meredith said. â€Å"I think Stefan looks better.† Elena, who had been helping to buffer him from the dimensional elevator’s motion, glanced up at her quickly. â€Å"Do you really? Or is it just the light? I think he should be feeding,† she said anxiously. Stefan flushed, and Elena pressed fingers to her lips to stop them trembling. Don’t, darling, she said voicelessly. Every one of these people have been willing to give their life for you – or for me – for us. I’m healthy. I’m still bleeding. Please don’t waste it. Stefan murmured, â€Å"I’ll stop the bleeding.† But when she bent to him, as she had known he would, he drank. How to cite The Return: Shadow Souls Chapter 41, Essay examples

Examining Attitudes to Death

Question: Describe about the Examining Attitudes to Death? Answer: Introduction: Attitude toward death it is true for survival people need air, food, shelter etc but on other hand they also need relationship. Grief here it is an important process which we experience and it occurred when some important relation ended either through death, theft, divorce etc. A grief however like a life-span has a course to run and as the duration of life varies with the individual so does the duration of grief.1) Grief is mainly a reaction to loss, or anticipated loss, but it also includes our distress on half of the person who has died or who is dying. It is a natural response to loss and it is a very emotional situation where someone loves is taken away. Grief is related to death and it is familiar to most of the people (Granek et al., 2014). Grief is a measure of our love and dependence and is the price that we pay for loving.The two parts of grief reactions are: Actual loss of the person or things in our live. And the symbolic loss of the event which will not occur in future d ue to actual loss.There, are some stages of grief reaction that is shock denial, Pain, Anger and bargaining, Depression, reflection and loneliness etc.2) Chaos of grief, However grief is not simple, a chaos of grief can be at the same time overwhelming and a refuge to retreat into. Under the chaos process of grief, under this the person who are suffering there is no consolation and those around them words prove appallingly inadequate (Strang, 2015). Chaos is when we experience a strong grief we increased chaos in our lives. We come out from our daily routine our habits and move to the place which seems to be chaotic and unpredictable.3) Wordens four phases of grief:According to the J W Worden in grief counseling and grief therapy are the following, the first phase is numbness (accept the reality of the loss), second phase is yearning (pain of grief), third phase is Disorganization and despair (adjust with the world without the deceased) and the last phase is Reorganized behavior (t o find an enduring connection and embarking on a new life) (Malkinson and Bar-Tur, 2005).4) According to Worden envisage passage through these phases, it is not possible for the people to pass through every individual phase in isolation and as per moving on one which is finished onto the next but rather these phase can be overlap, repeat and are seldom distinct. On the other hand is broadly in agreement on the general type of task and they also divide the grief crisis into four phases that is the shock phase, the reaction phase, the repair phase and the new-orientation phase (Hogan, Worden and Schmidt, 2006).5) Wordens assertion that the intensity of grief is determined by the intensity of love by this statement they want to describe that a people always need to communicate, whatever they feel or whatever going on their mind, the people who are suffering from grief they need consolation, sympathy or they have to bear loneliness, here a person may feel lonely from his own family. The intensity of your grief is indirectly associated to the strength of your affection to what was lost.Support: Allocate and discuses about your loss are an important part of curing. Speak and express your feeling with somebody who listens without giving their opinion, and also lets you talk about anything you need to discuss, and accept you where you are, and doesnt try and make you feel in a different way. Talking with someone helps you begin to recognize the truth of your loss. Express youre Feelings: Accept the intention of all feeling that is okay and is both a regular and essential part of remedial. Recognize your feelings, name them, speak about them, and inscribe about them. The greatness of your feeling can make you feel out of control and overpower your normal coping strategy. The feeling of grief is like the influence of the sea. At times youre feeling may be small and at a time it may be high, whereas sometime youre feeling are calm and sometime they are stormy.6) The goals of bereavement counseling help the client to let go of someone he does not want to let go of, or someone he must let go of in order to carry on living. It also helps you to accept the loss and help you to talk about the loss. The bereavement counseling also help you to express your feeling related to the loss like blame, angry etc. The overall goal of counseling is to help the supervisor complete any unfinished business with the deceased and to be able to say a final goodbye (Ha ll, 2014).7) Grief work is the way to put your loss into perspective and to weave your loss into the fabric of your life (Pomeroy, 2011). A grief work is not something a person plans, but it is something he does. A grief work is also help you to remember your good times and the bad and getting them in perspective. 8) The four area of confrontation and conflict the bereaved person experiences are: Death, here we know intellectually that one day we will die and however it takes an outer event for most people to make this an emotional reality. Freedom, most of the people claim that value of our freedom and yet arrange our lives within a set of relatively narrow boundaries. Isolation, here we also know that we are born alone and that we are die alone. Meaninglessness, Life is not having a simple meaning each person has to face a sense of emptiness and meaninglessness in their life and also emerge with the simple solution.It is this previous conflict, which even though at some time in ou r lives we all move violently with and after the loss of someone who are close that become harder to tolerate. Death brings home the bareness of life and reinforces the feeling which we all have from time to time that life has no significance. And many questions arise at that point like why we are here? Why did you leave me etc?Rationally, we know that in all chances our parents will die before us, but death has no reverence for intelligence. Lose someone we love is about sensation, not thinking. Our parents have always been there. Sensitively we have thought that they would always be. Unexpectedly they are gone and quite often we are even denied the chance of saying goodbye9) Friends and relative sometimes tend to avoid a recently bereaved person because; they dont have time to console the bereaved person due to their busy schedule. Secondly they dont know how to console the bereaved person and lastly the relationship with them are not good.10) In todays society, our attitude to de ath are, our insensible is just as unapproachable to the beginning of our own death, just as much disposed to kill the stranger and just as divided or unsure towards the persons we love as was primeval man. For our entire claim to society, it is most obvious that our attitude to death is less healthy and can cause more pain and distress to the bereaved, because we rejected the truth that death is a part of life, is that there is a time to die and that there is a time when it is good to die. Now days we have to understand these things, we want to put out of sight death away, to imagine that it does not occur. We have priests who are nervous and uncooperative in the presence of death. We have doctors who cannot face what seems to them to be a individual breakdown on their behalf. We have nurse who walk past the door of a dying person. And when they do ultimately die? We employ cosmeticians to make them look as though they are still alive.If a bereaved feels that we can at least recogn ize and sympathy with him in the task that he sets for himself is there much likelihood that he will be able to convey the feelings that are satisfied within him like he is angry, he is against his own guilty self, his yearning for the return of the lost figure. References Braverman, A. and Meiran, N. (2014). Conflict control in task conflict and response conflict.Psychological Research, 79(2), pp.238-248.Granek, L., Bartels, U., Scheinemann, K., Labrecque, M. and Barrera, M. (2014). Grief reactions and impact of patient death on pediatric oncologists. Pediatr Blood Cancer, 62(1), pp.134-142.Hall, C. (2014). Bereavement theory: recent developments in our understanding of grief and bereavement. Bereavement Care, 33(1), pp.7-12.Hogan, N., Worden, J. and Schmidt, L. (2006). Considerations in Conceptualizing Complicated Grief.OMEGA - Journal of Death and Dying, 52(1), pp.81-85.Malkinson, R. and Bar-Tur, L. (2005). Long Term Bereavement Processes of Older Parents: The Three Phases of Grief. OMEGA - Journal of Death and Dying, 50(2), pp.103-129.Pomeroy, E. (2011). On Grief and Loss. Social Work, 56(2), pp.101-105.Strang, D. (2015). Sensitive Chaos. Leonardo, p.150114061300002.

Ranma 1/2. In 38 volumes. Volume 1 Review Essay Example

Ranma 1/2. In 38 volumes. Volume 1 Review Paper Essay on Ranma 1/2. In 38 volumes. Volume 1 I love you! Ahhhh! Ah. Sha. Tweet-tweet. Sleep? I love you. Brrr. No, this is not a note of a madman a randomly selected verbatim quote from the Japanese manga. Text least sense is not a storehouse. Why is it so read by millions Of course, this quotation not very honest admission: manga especially the image, and then the text (in Japanese funny pictures). So its not quite normal reading rather view. But in any case it is not clear what is captivating series of black-and-white drawings, and even reverse the usual order of the Japanese manga is read from back to front, right to left. Maybe just its dissimilarity to anything else It makes you want to cry: its all another silly fashion, popular culture, duping immature minds But I take a deep breath, count to thirty and to take over the objective study: Stacked Japanese comics (only first editions), to empirically determine whether I want to continue with this, and to do in the matter to understand The first impression not that it is funny pictures, yes. and not children at all reading: frank erotic overtones and nasi s everywhere. Plots with the often sentimental: a young man accidentally meets a childhood friend, but to connect with her in marriage is impossible because of the unequal status in society ( Ai Yori Aoshi); because of the culinary predilections of the young vampire killed his beloved ( Cafe Taro ). Actually, that abound in the manga, its passions. And, of course, it is unrealistic beautiful characters: eyed and dlinnoresnichnyh girls with perfectly shaped and boys equally attractive and, I must say, difficult to distinguish from the girls We will write a custom essay sample on Ranma 1/2. In 38 volumes. Volume 1 Review specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Ranma 1/2. In 38 volumes. Volume 1 Review specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Ranma 1/2. In 38 volumes. Volume 1 Review specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer The second discovery. For onomatopoeia, of which mainly consists text component manga ( toptoptop, scholk, slides, BAMS, etc.) is actually grows action dynamics. I never would have thought! The effect, I think, based on the fact that since there is no text, revealing the inner world of characters (as in the usual literary work), the reader has to himself, looking at the pictures, think out and here you are imbued with the experiences of the hero, unwittingly szhivaetsya with him. And mchishsya shshih-shshih from page to page, like a roller coaster of emotions someone is growing, albeit rather primitive. A figurative expressive techniques (black and white graphics, close-up of the selection of any parts, especially the eyes, the change of angle) only reinforce the impact. For a man with imagination a great psychological discharge It is significant that in Russia passionate about Japanese comics are mostly young people aged 11-18.. Indeed, manga (as presented in our country) quintessence of youthful attitude: sharply contrasting world is divided into friends and enemies, no middle ground is the world of unusual creatures and events, beautiful pictures, where you can withdraw, to retire in their difference from others, splash aggression, dive in so attractive as it restricted the scope of relations between the sexes Meanwhile, in Japan, manga is read by people of all ages, it has its own tradition of reading manga. In the form of comic books there can be found not only melodramatic stories for young and old maids, but also the publication of the business, sports, travel, serious literary works. Us how often, go to the tops, roots Japanese are not so easy to dig There is nothing reprehensible, however, I do not see this the main thing:. Shadow, know your place! Ready as we look after a hard day of stupid American comedy rather than Tarkovskys films! And manga can be read without requiring from her Shakespearean depth. Thats me as a result of my experiment on himself wanted to still know what the outcome of the story-boys panda Ranma and Akane capricious.

Carried Along With the Crowd Essay Example

Carried Along With the Crowd Essay Example Carried Along With the Crowd Essay Carried Along With the Crowd Essay Essay Topic: The Things They Carried Remount yourself to 1692, to a small town in Massachusetts, USA, called Salem. Imagine all you believe is dictated by lies, weak arguments and evilness. Imagine you are accused of witchcraft and the town that saw you grow up, the town where your dreams and hopes where born, turns the back on you. Imagine, just for a moment, on having the power to decide peoples death, by just accusing them of something theyve never done. Imagine the ambition growing inside you. Imagine, being Abigail for a second, Was what she did justifiable? Is ambition stronger than a persons moral convictions and principles?   Do you rather have one innocent person die than watch ten suspected witches having their lives ended because of a misjudgment and false accusations? The line between truth and dishonesty is so thin and easily corrupted, sometimes people cannot see the difference, with an inaccurate and distorted vision of truth and reality, people can make huge mistakes, and be certain that what theyre doing is right. How can you know if youre doing the right thing. Conscience doesnt always speak loud enough for you to hear. It doesnt always show you the right way to go, sometimes, just as a result of following the crowd; you can make horrible mistakes, terminating the life of people that do not deserve it. This is exactly what happened in Salem, the town that inspired the novel The Crucible, where every person in town ended believing in the bad intentioned accusations Abigail Williams made, this girl was so intelligent, she convinced the people around her of her version of the truth and twisted the facts and history for her own convenience. Therefore, truth is distorted. Truth goes hand in hand with justice; justice is made by doing the right thing, following the truth. If the truth becomes indistinct, justice can easily be applied to the wrong people. She thinks to dance with me on my wifes grave! And well she might, for I thought of her softly. God help me, I lusted, and there is a promise in such sweat. But it is a whores vengeance, and you must see it (Act III) Here, Proctor makes his last attempt on saving his wifes life. This is a desperate seek for the real justice, based on the real truth. Sometimes, one cannot prove that one is telling the truth, and the impotent feeling urges your soul for the rest of your days. Justice is based also on our believes, on what we believe is the truth, by not having enough bases and proofs to make a fair trial, people seeked for theyre believes, a dogmatic truth. A fire, a fire is burning! I hear the boot of Lucifer, I see his filthy face! And it is my face and yours, Danforth! For them that quail to bring men out of ignorance, as I have quailed, and as you quail now when you know in all your black hearts that this be fraud- God damns our kind especially and we will burn, we will burn together! (Act III) Proctor answering Mary Warrens petition to help her save her life, he suddenly sees himself condemned for believing what is real and not being heard or noticed. All these people who found themselves in the same position as Proctor are faith defendants of innocence, but it was so hard back then to prove your innocence, I mean, How could you prove the opposite of an accusation if, your accusation had no more evidence than the words of a perturbed girl? I speak to my own sins; I cannot judge another. I have no tongue for it. John Proctor, being innocent of all accusations, in order to save his life, confesses witchcraft, yet refuses to accuse anyone else to maintain his freedom and innocence. He knows hes innocent, he knows hes fallen into Abigails trap, but he will not play her game, he refuses to make false and not proved accusations. The word for his actions is loyalty. He is loyal to his beliefs, loyal to his beloved. He feels a certain loyalty also towards the truth. Even in his moments of pure desperation and desolation, he doesnt leave his honor and loyalty aside. Let you not mistake your duty as I mistook my own. I came into this village like a bridegroom to his beloved, bearing gifts of high religion; the very crowns of holy law I brought, and what I touched with my bright confidence, it died; and where I turned the eye of my great faith, blood flowed up. (Act IV) Here, reverend Hale is attempting to make Elizabeth Proctor convince her husband to confess of witchcraft, trying to save more lives. In other words, he is telling her to be loyal to her beliefs, but to do all it takes to stay alive. See how, because of Abigails appalling dishonesty, people must leave aside theyre beliefs, sense of truth and anger and impotent feelings? The sense of betrayal leading to punishment has also to do with my thesis at the beginning. Betrayal is what Abigail practices with everybody she wishes. Her soul is so full of evil that she has no remorse or whatsoever when accusing. This makes all the supposed witches innocent and free of proofs that may say the opposite. When, weaker than her, Abigails friends and accomplices in her sins hesitate on theyre actions, Abigail threatens them and punishes theyre minds and thoughts. Everyone is so terrified of her; she has got all the power to herself. And mark this. Let either of you breathe a word, or the edge of a word, about the other things, and I will come to you in the black of some terrible night and I will bring a pointy reckoning that will shudder you. And you know I can do it; I saw Indians smash my dead parents heads on the pillow next to mine and I have seen some reddish work done at night, and I can make you wish you have never seen the sun go down! (Act I) She is secretly admitting her betrayal, her evilness, but she will not stop, or surrender, or hesitate about her decisions. By all of the above I can prove that, because of the loss of sense of truth and proofs to make a proper trial and sentence, it is preferable to let one innocent person die than to assassinate ten supposed witches. Ten souls full of resentment, anger, impotence. Quiet mouths screaming in pain to themselves, silent minds stormed with thoughts, not being able to prove theyre innocence. i Must ten accused of witchcraft be murdered because of a flaw of society? Because the crowd decided to believe in something as mean as lies and obscurity? It is relevant to point out how people, in order not to be accused of different can act in an irrational way. What we can do now is simply to question ourselves constantly our beliefs, our senses of truth, our moral convictions, because theres only one person needed to scatter sinfulness and amorality to convert a whole town, to disturb and distort entire generations, entire villages, entire countries. And you can some day find yourself in the position of the town people, Will you fall into Abigails death trap? Will you stand up for what you think is right? It is entirely up to you, one person can make the difference, even if he or she dies attempting.

10 Simple Body Language Techniques for Career Success

10 Simple Body Language Techniques for Career Success Dr. Carol Kinsey Gorman, author of The Silent Language of Leaders: How Body Language Can Help- or Hurt- How You Lead, has 10 great tips for maximizing success through body language: 1. Sit up straight.Good posture doesn’t just impress those around you, it can actually boost the way you feel about yourself.2. Use your coffee cup to open up.Believe it or not- a recent study at Yale University actually concluded that participants holding warm beverages versus cold ones were more likely to be trusting in any given interaction. So unless you’re heading into salary negotiations and need to drive a hard bargain, grab a hot cup of coffee and feel more generous with your coworkers. And maybe bring one for your boss.3. Synchronized nodding.Stanford University scientists found that teams who moved the same way were more creative and collaborative. So go ahead, mirror your team members’ body language; the team that nods together gets more done.4. Squeeze left.If you’r e too much in your head and not relying on the tools you’ve trained so hard to build, squeezing a ball in your left hand can distract the right hemisphere of your brain (associated with conscious focus) and engage your left hemisphere (associated with automatic motor skills). It works with seasoned athletes and could work for you.5. Avoid resting grumpy face.Try to relax your facial muscles, especially when concentrating or reading emails. Studies actually show that messages can be interpreted as angry in tone when we read them with furrowed brows.6. Shake shake shake.We all shake hands after a deal is made, but the Harvard Business School found that shaking before negotiations can make for a more equitable exchange.7. Keep your voice on the down low.The lower your voice, the more authority you command. Try dropping your voice when asking for a raise. Researchers at Duke discovered that a 22 Hz drop can result in a significant pay increase, all other factors equal.8. Come int o the game warmed up.It takes our brains only 200 milliseconds to determine a person’s emotional state. So warm yourself up before you walk into the meeting to prove to everyone that you’re at your best. If you come on stage already in character, no one will doubt your performance.9. Add that extra touch.A Cornell University study showed that customers tipped 2-5% better when their servers made physical contact on the hand or shoulders. Try giving your associate a pat on the back and see what happens.10. Flex your muscles.Muscle tightening has been shown to increase willpower. Try tightening your biceps, hands, or calves, and see if it boosts your self-control.

Characters in OConnors stories Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Characters in OConnors stories - Essay Example This research will begin with the statement that the characters of the grandmother in O’Connor’s story ‘A Good Man is Hard to Find’ and Mrs. Ruby Turpin in ‘Revelation’ are similar to a great extent. Grandma, a widow lives with her son’s family including grandchildren while Mrs. Turpin lives with her husband only. Both are in need of Catholic Grace and they belong to the Afro-American population. Both the characters are overconfident about their image, beliefs, and traditions. Grandma remarks about the current generation, saying, â€Å"In my time†¦ children were more respectful of their native states and their parents and everything else. People did right then†. On the other hand, Mrs. Turpin gets satisfaction in nomenclature – â€Å"white-trash woman†, â€Å"the pleasant lady† etc.   She likes scrutinizing people around her and derived at conclusions about them. She also contemplates what she could be if she is not herself. She always thanks Jesus for making her what she is and she also feels that Jesus is good to her. In contrast, Grandma believes that the finest lady God has made is her mother and does not directly talk of God’s blessings on herself. However, both retain their pride and feels that God’s has some extra favor on them. Unlike Mrs. Turpin, the latter, however, does not live in a world of fantasy or dreams and in contrast, she is more practical as she knows the ways and directions and keeps herself updated with the news of the Misfit.

Personal Data Assistance PDA use in Health Care Essay

Personal Data Assistance PDA use in Health Care - Essay Example This not only helps in starting the right treatment at the right time, but also saves lot of time and energy on the part of the physicians. The entry of the Personal Data Assistance in the medical world has made the job of the medical staff and the patients easy, comfortable and time saving. The Personal Data Assistance (PDA) is a tool which helps the physicians and the nurses to access the patient’s information at the time of his treatment. The PDA helps the physicians and nurses to access all the information about the patient’s history of disease, the drug information, the prescription for his treatment and medical references. This makes their job easy as on the basis of information accessed through PDA, they can take quick decisions and start the treatment without any delay (Dee, Teolis & Todd, 2005). The PDA has many advantages for the medical practitioners. It not only provides the complete information about the patient’s treatment, but also helps to keep tab of the patient’s condition just by regularly communicating with patients through the device. 1) The PDA has made the communication between the patient and the consulting physician easy and comfortable. Previously, to attend the patient’s need and treatment, the physician had to be available physically. This demanded a lot of physical strength and mobility on the part of the physician. Most of the times, the patient’s are not admitted on the same floor. Sometimes, one physician has to consult the patient’s not only on the different floors, but also in different buildings. This made the physician’s job hectic and time

Elizabeth Barrett Browning and Emily Dickinson Essay Example for Free

Elizabeth Barrett Browning and Emily Dickinson Essay The lives and works of Elizabeth Barrett Browning and Emily Dickinson may be different in many ways, but there are existential treads that bind these two people together by similarities. Elizabeth Browning became famous while she was alive and was very influential opposed to Emily Dickinson who became famous for her poems after she died. In the eighteenth century two of the finest poets; Elizabeth Barrett Browning and Emily Dickinson are two people who are close in certain aspects but completely different individuals. Thus, looking deeper into each individual’s lives and works will give us a better perception on these two poets. The Victorian poet â€Å"Elizabeth Barrett Browning was born in 1806, March 6th Durham, England, and was the oldest child out of twelve children† (â€Å"Elizabeth Barrett Browning†). â€Å"Elizabeth’s father, Edward Barrett, was a businessman who was very wealthy from many sugar plantations in Jamaica† (â€Å"Elizabeth Barrett Browning†). As a child, Elizabeth wrote her first earliest known poem for her mother’s birthday and for her fifteenth birthday; her father had one of her poems privately printed. This poem was â€Å"The Battle of Marathon† (â€Å"Elizabeth Barrett Browning†). â€Å"Elizabeth experienced her first sorrow in 1828 when her mother Mary suddenly died† (â€Å"Elizabeth Barrett Browning†). â€Å"By the time Elizabeth had moved to London, her health was poor and she suffered from a spinal injury and shown signs of a lung condition but was never diagnosed† (â€Å"Elizabeth Barrett Browning†). However in these conditions Elizabeth never seemed to give up her love for poetry. Shortly after Elizabeth’s brother, Edward, drowned in a boating accident on his way back to London (â€Å"Elizabeth Barrett Browning†). â€Å"Feeling responsible for his death, Elizabeth became a recluse and practically an invalid rarely leaving her room† (â€Å"Elizabeth Barrett Browning†). This characteristic made Elizabeth similar to Emily Dickinson in the way that they are both easily affected by a tragic incident in their lives, resulting in the act of isolating themselves from others. â€Å"Elizabeth’s work brought her the man that would eventually woo, win, and marry her: Robert Browning† (â€Å"Elizabeth Barrett Browning†). â€Å"Robert became so impressed with Elizabeth’s work that he wrote to her and over the course of the next few months, he and Elizabeth wrote to each other almost every day until they finally met on May 20, 1845, where they discovered that they were already in love† (â€Å"Elizabeth Barrett Browning†). â€Å"More letters (over 500 in all) and visits continued until the two were secretly married on September 12, 1846† (â€Å"Elizabeth Barrett Browning†). â€Å"The newlyweds fled to Florence, her father never forgave her, and she found herself disinherited. She and her father never reconciled† (â€Å"Elizabeth Barrett Browning†). Elizabeth and Robert remained in Italy for the remainder of their lives and had a baby boy, Penini in 1849 (â€Å"Elizabeth Barrett Browning†). In 1850, Elizabeth’s â€Å"Sonnets from the Portuguese† were published. â€Å"Although they had been written as a private gift to Robert, her husband was so moved by the forty-four sonnets the he felt they should not be hidden from the world and published them, making the collection stand as her greatest well-known achievement† (â€Å"Elizabeth Barrett Browning†). Elizabeth died on June, 29, 1861, and was buried in Florence (â€Å"Elizabeth Barrett Browning†). Likewise, Emily Dickinson’s writing was similar to Browning in the way that she crafted a new type of first person persona (Wider). â€Å"Like the speakers in Browning’s works, Dickinson’s are sharp-sighted observers who see the inescapable limitations of their societies as well as their imagined and imaginable escapes† (Wider). â€Å"In 1890, four years after Dickinson’s death, the first volume of her poetry appeared† (Wider). â€Å"Emily Dickinson was born on December 10, 1830 in Amherst, Massachusetts† (Wider). â€Å"Emily’s father at the time of her birth was an ambitious young lawyer, and was educated at Amherst and Yale. He returned to his hometown and joined the ailing law practice of his father, Samuel Fowler Dickinson† (Wider). â€Å"Edward joined his father in the family home, built by Samuel in 1813† (Wider). â€Å"Active in the Whig Party, Edward was elected to the Massachusetts Start Legislature (1837-1839) and the Massachusetts State Senate (1842-1843)† (Wider). â€Å"Little was known of Emily’s mother† (Wider). â€Å"She often represented as a passive wife of a domineering husband† (Wider). â€Å"Emily wasn’t the only child of Edward and Emily Dickinson; she also had a brother William Austin Dickinson and a sister Livinia Norcross Dickinson† (Wider). â€Å"All three children attended the one-room primary school in Amherst and then moved on to Amherst Academy, the school out of which Amherst College had grown† (Wider). Futhermore, â€Å"Elizabeth Barrett Browning was the most respected woman poet of the Victorian age† (Burlinson). â€Å"By 1900, she was better known as the heroine of a turbulent love story than as a prolific and successful writer† (Burlinson). â€Å"Browning was an experimental writer who felt sufficiently comfortable working within poetic convention to disrupt and revise it to her own ends† (Burlinson). â€Å"Elizabeth was known for writing sonnets, allegories, ballads, political odes, love poems, occasional verses, poetic dramas, and an epic, as well as essays in literary criticism and a translation of Aeschylus† (Burlinson). Her greatest poetic success was in the sonnets from the Portuguese as stated above in Elizabeth’s biography. Elizabeth poured all her profound thoughts into these sonnets and yet the exquisiteness if the mould has compelled a rigorous pruning alike of superabundant imagery, which has had the happiest affect (Arnold). â€Å"One of her best known poems from 1850 is â€Å"The Runaway Slave at Pilgrim’s Point,† an impassioned protest against slavery in which a black woman; the rape victim of her white master, murders her child† (Burlinson). â€Å"The rage and grief of the woman chillingly conveyed in the first-person narrative† (Burlinson). Elizabeth held a deep belief that poetry could change attitudes toward the world, and indeed it did. â€Å"Her poem â€Å"The Cry of the Children† caused a sensational reaction that caused public reform in a protest against the working conditions of children† (Burlinson). â€Å"In fact, Elizabeth is one of the greatest sonnet writers in our language, and she is worthy enough to be ranked side by side with Milton and Wordsworth† (Arnold). Elizabeth has managed to touch all the chief human relationships and when she touched them, it was always in a noble manner and severe simplicity which is greatly preferred to be her most luscious and copious versification (Arnold). Unlike Elizabeth, Emily seemed to be more reclusive with her life and at a young age Emily went into seclusion, resulting in her not socially maturing. Emily also avoided doing routine house work or other normal daily activities because she like being alone to dream and use her imagination (Southworth). Many readers believe that by shunning the realities of everyday life, Emily was able to find the greater reality in the realm of imagination (Southworth). Despite being lonely and frustrated she never out grew adolescence and this seemed to show in her poetry (Southworth). Her writings showed that she was not capable of grasping the joy of reality and that she really didn’t have a true understanding of life challenges (Southworth). Like Elizabeth, â€Å"Emily’s poems were meant to be and experience, to render experiences as well as refer to it† (Ryan). â€Å"For Emily the living presence is the poem itself. If it is not intermediately between the poet and the reader, it is the thing alive the reader experiences† (Ryan). â€Å"Dickinson was a master at grammar, rhythm, rhetoric, and narrative. A master of the inextricable, intricate, intimate and constantly shifting, interrelationship’s among them† (Ryan). â€Å"Emily Dickinson wrote nearly 1800 poems, but only seven were published in her lifetime. When the first posthumous collection of her work appeared in 1890, she was regarded as an interesting but idiosyncratic minor poet. As the twentieth century has progressed, however, her poetic achievement has won interesting recognition† (Tredell). â€Å"Dickinson nonetheless engages in an original and vibrant way with love, eroticism, nature, death, immortality and eternity. Her work is notable for its power and compression and complexity, its precise and startling phrasing, its inventiveness of rhythm and rhyme, and the exploratory daring which belies its apparent decorum† (Tredell). Emily said to Higginson that poetry is something that makes the body feel so cold that no fire could warm it, that if the reader physically feels as if the top of their head were taken off that its poetry. She claims that this is the only way she knows its poetry (Ryan). Elizabeth Barrett Browning’s poem â€Å"The Cry of the Children† is about child labor. In this poem Elizabeth is trying to show us how the children feel about working and how it makes them sad and exhausted. They suffer as they work with trembling knees and heavy eyelids. The children are demanded to keep working no matter how tired and weak they are. I know that this is the theme because the speaker says â€Å"Do ye hear the children weeping,† (â€Å"The Cry of the Children†). This means that the children were weeping in sorrow because in the playtime of others they are working. Another detail that supports my idea for the theme is the lines â€Å"For oh, say the children, we are weary, / and we cannot run or leap;† (â€Å"The Cry of the Children†). This detail shows that the children are suffering that they are tired and weak. When Elizabeth describes how the children look she is using imagery by saying, â€Å"we are weary, / and we cannot run or leap; / if we cared for any meadows, it were merely / to drop down in them and sleep. / our knees tremble sorely in the stooping, / we fall upon our faces, trying to go; / and, underneath our heavy eyelids drooping, / the reddest flower would look as pale as snow† (â€Å"The Cry of the Children†). This connotation is showing how the children are looking and feeling this verse is not only using imagery but it also uses a simile to show how the children’s eyes are so tired and heavy that the reddest flower would look as pale as snow for them. Emily Dickinson’s poem â€Å"Heart, we will forget him† talks about how Emily is trying to forget the man that hurt her and her heart. In the poem Emily is instructing her heart â€Å"to forget the warmth† and that she will forget â€Å"the light†. â€Å"But Emily is scared that if her heart takes too long to forget, then it will give her time to remember, thus causing her to not be able to carry out her self-given assignment† (â€Å"Heart, we will forget him†). I know that the theme of the poem is getting over someone you love by the line â€Å"Heart, we will forget him† (â€Å"Heart, we will forget him†). This line is referring to Emily’s heart trying to forget the man that hurt both her and her heart. Another detail supporting my thought for the theme is the line â€Å"you may forget the warmth he gave / I will forget the light† (â€Å"Heart, we will forget him†). This line is trying to demonstrate that the heart is trying to forget the warmth that the man gave it and that Emily will try to forget the light he brought to her world. In this poem Emily tells the heart what do to by commands making the hearts seem as if it can act, think and follow orders like a brain. By making the heart have a human characteristic Emily is using the literary device personification. Emily also uses a literary device called tautology which is use when there is a repetition of words, and in the first stanza of â€Å"Heart, we will forget him† Emily uses the word forget three times to emphases that she and her heart will forget the one that broke them. Elizabeth Barrett Browning and Emily Dickinson were two poets that works were very similar in structure despite being born in different ears. The two poets depicted similar first person’s personas in their writings and became famous for it. Although Elizabeth became famous while she was alive, Emily Dickinson did not. Each poet however had their work published and found by someone else. Elizabeth’s husband was the person who made her forty-four sonnets one of her well-known achievements and for Emily her sister Livinia was the founder of many poems left from her death. By comparing the works and lives of Elizabeth Barrett Browning and Emily Dickinson, we can conclude that the inner life of an artist has more impact on their literary output than the external factors that shaped their lives. Works Cited Arnold, William T. â€Å"Elizabeth Barrett Browning (1806-1861).† The English Poets: The Nineteenth Century, Wordswort to Rossetti. Ed. Thomas Humphry Ward. Vol. 4. Macmillan and Co., 1893. 562-567. Rpt. in Nineteenth-Century Literature Criticism. Ed. Laurie Lanzen Harris. Vol. 1. Detroit: Gale Research, 1981. Literature Resource Center. Web. 15 Dec. 2011. Burlinson, Kathryn. â€Å"Elizabeth Barrett Browning: Overview.† Reference Guide to English Literature. Ed. D. L. Kirkpatrick. 2nd ed. Chicago: St. James Press, 1991. Literature Resource Center. Web. 11 Dec. 2011. â€Å"Elizabeth Barrett Browning.† LitFinder Contemporary Collection. Detroit: Gale, 2007. LitFinder. Wed. 6 Dec. 2011. Ryan, Michael (American College Teacher). â€Å"Dickinson’s Stories.† The American Poetry Review Mar.-Apr. 2009: 5+. Literature Resource Center. Web. 15 Dec. 2011. Southworth, James Granville. â€Å"Emily Dickinson.† Some Modern American Poets. James Granville Southworth. Blackwell, 1950. 14. LitFinder. Web. 11 Dec. 2011. Tredell, Nicholas. â€Å"Emily Dickinson: Overview.† Gay and Lesbian Biography. Ed. Michael J. Tyrkus and Michael Bronski. Detroit: St. James Press, 1997. Literature Resources from Gale. Web. 28 Jan. 2012. Wider, Sarah Ann. â€Å"Emily (Elizabeth) Dickinson.† The American Renaissance in New England: Fourth Series. Ed. Wesley T. Mott. Detroit: Gale Group, 2001. Dictionary of Literary Biography Vol. 243. Literature Resource Center. Web. 11 Dec. 2011.

Claudio Monteverdi Essay -- Biography

Claudio Monteverdi was a late Renaissance composer who was born in Cremona on May 15th 1567 and died in Venice on November 29th 1643. His emergent writing style had significant influence on the musical transitions from the Renaissance to the Baroque era. He was an employed musician most of his life who spent much of his work challenging the popular artists of his time to venture out into new variations of the traditional styles. Alongside many of his contemporaries such as Giaches de Wert and Prince Gesualdo di Venosa, he was a part of subtle change throughout the culture he lived in which made a large impact for the future. In his early years Monteverdi was taught to play the piano and also taught about musical composition by Marc’Antonio Ingegneri, who was the Cathedral choir director in his town. It was not long before Monteverdi began to catch on to what was being taught. In fact, his first piece was written at the young age of 15, foreshadowing his passion that would be a life lived in dedication and enjoyment of writing music. Although he was not recorded to have been involved in the public worship choir, Monteverdi was surrounded by musical performance and worship on a regular basis. His lessons, taught by Ingegneri, were stepping-stones to what he would be learning throughout his time. In Cremona, he was taught to be controlled and traditional, as was noted by George J. Beulow in Chapter three of his book, A History of Baroque Music. He said, â€Å"Monteverdi’s art was nurtured in a musical environment that was more conservative than experimental.†(P.57) While Monteverdi was learning the basic principles of composition and music theory, one such concept was particularly important and that was counterpoint. Throughout the ... ...stic portrayal of the characters, and warmer melodies than had previously been heard. It requires a smaller orchestra, and has a less prominent role for the choir. Monteverdi’s work will be remembered as revolutionary as well as somewhat radical for his time. He continued to stay true to many of the previous methods such as counterpoint, but changed many things and searched for ways to express the lyrical content better than before. His attraction to the Madrigal is a good example of his ability to do this, displayed in his nine books. Word phrases and expressive moods were also shown in his Operas where he told longer stories of love and ancient tales. In every style that Monteverdi wrote it, he will be remembered as a composer who was true to foundational principles of the old styles, but took daring steps to form new sounds that would influence future artwork.

Maggie: a Girl of the Streets

Stephen Crane wrote many short stories, one of which was Maggie: A Girl of the Streets. His stories contained various aspects of Naturalism, a literary movement that sought to replicate a believable everyday reality, as opposed to Romanticism or Surrealism, in which subjects may receive highly symbolic, idealistic, or even supernatural treatment. Poverty, abuse and a survival of the fittest way of life created an environment which Maggie was negatively influenced by. Her environment is made up of many circumstances that affect her, one of which is poverty. Maggie grew up in poverty, living out her childhood in a shabby apartment in Rum Alley.This poverty influenced her beliefs. The story says â€Å"when Pete arrived Maggie, in a worn black dress, was waiting†¦,† (18). In comparison, Pete was said to wear nice clothes such as â€Å"his blue double-breasted coat, edged with black braid, buttoned close to a res puff tie, and his patent-leather shoes,† (14). Maggie has her â€Å"worn dress† and as such she sees herself as lowly. The effect of the poverty is emphasized when Maggie, while observing Pete, ponders â€Å"She vaguely tried to calculate the altitude of the pinnacle from which he must have looked down upon her,† (16).This statement shows how, at this point in her life she sees other people above her. The poverty caused her to think this way- it influenced her in ways so subtle and yet so big. It was this thinking caused by the poverty which led to her seeking out Pete’s strength. The poverty stricken environment in which Maggie lived is one in which only the strong survive or one who adapts. The women are described as â€Å"formidable women, with uncombed hair and disordered dress,† (4). They are survivors. They have no time for looking nice, they are working to be strong and survive.Maggie, on the other hand, â€Å"grew to be a most rare and wonderful production of a tenement district, a pretty girl,† (13). She is not strong in that aspect and as such she sought out a strong person, Pete. When seeing him she thinks â€Å"Here was a formidable man who disdained the strength of a world full of fists. Here was one who had contempt for brass-clothed power; one whose knuckles could defiantly ring against the granite of law. He was a knight,† (16). She became enamored with his strength and defiance. He proclaims how great of a fighter he is and as a result she gravitates towards him so he can be her knight.He could protect her. This thinking that she needed a strong man was a result of her environment. It was survival of the fittest and her attempt at survival was attaching herself to a strong man. Another time in which she had to adapt in order to survive was when she was walking down the streets â€Å"Soon the girl discovered that if she walked with such apparent aimlessness, some men looked at her with calculating eyes. She quickened her step, frightened. As a protection, sh e adopted a demeanor of intentness as if going somewhere,† (47). This quote emphasizes the fact that in order to survive she needed to adapt to the streets.Throughout all of Maggie’s life there was, on top of the poverty and the primal instinct for survival, violence and abuse in her home. Violence and abuse was a constant in Maggie’s life. The violence and abuse affected her psychology. Both the physical beatings and the lack of parental figures as a result of the abuse cause her to act differently than she would if she had a mother who loved her and a stable household life. Maggie repeatedly refers to her mother as ‘the woman’ or ‘the mother’ such as in the quotes â€Å"the eyes of both were drawn, by some force, to stare at the woman’s face,† (10).She does not talk of Mary as her mother; instead Maggie refers to her as another woman. This happened as a result of the violence shown to her from Mary; she does not trust her mother. Her mother then proceeds to, later on in Maggie’s life, kick Maggie out of the apartment because she does not like Maggie’s boyfriend, Pete. Mary tells Maggie â€Å"Yeh’ve gone the deh devil, Mag Johnson, yehs knows yehs have gone the deh devil. Yer a disgrace the yer people, damn yeh. An’ now, git out an’ go ahn wid dat doe-faced jude of yours.Go the hell wid him, damn yeh, an’ good riddance. Go the hell an’ see how yeh likes it,† (27). This verbal abuse is something which Maggie has lived with all her life. This quote is the climax in Maggie’s life. The abuse from her mother pushes her out of the apartment and to her subsequent death. All of the abuse and violence influenced Maggie and caused her to have a messed up life. Ultimately throughout Maggie’s life, she was influenced by her environment. Her life would have evolved in a completely different way than in Maggie: A girl of the Streets.The environm ent in which one grows up in is crucial in life. The environment is one where children learn from and it influences who they will be. For some people their environment influences them for the better, and in other cases, like with Maggie, it is for the worse. All abuse, the poverty and survival of the fittest environment lead to her early death. Had those factors not been there she most likely would have lived a long and great life. But, those factors where there in her environment and that is the reality of life, not everything is perfect.

Essay on “Analyze, Don’t Summarize” by Michael Berube Essay

Berube analogize student’s essays and watching sports commentary on ESPN, because students tend to summarize in their essays instead of analyzing it. Berube uses an example as to what he is trying to explain that the world of sports is metacommentary and no one actually summarizes on how the game is being played. Instead they analyze, they just point out the important part of the game. In the tenth paragraph he quotes â€Å"Well, Tony let me point out that last night, the Red Sox swept the Tigers and crept to within three games of the Yankees.† And then he quotes that â€Å"†¦I’m just pointing out that the Sox won 3-1, on a four hitter by Schilling, while the Yanks blew another late-inning lead.† Page 304 Berube uses this comparison to explain that no one summarizes the sports because no one in the sports world confuses summaries with analyses, meaning that he discuss the importance of what a thesis should look like. He quotes that â€Å"†¦When I tell them that an observation is not a thesis†¦Ã¢â‚¬  he wants students to write a paper in which the thesis can be arguable and to bring to the public’s attention, just as sports commentary do; pointing out the essential parts of the game. Berube’s response to student’s writing is to â€Å"Assume a hypothetical readership composed of people who have already read the book. That means that you shouldn’t say â€Å"In class, we discussed the importance in the clam chowder in chapter five. But more important it means you don’t have to summarize the novel†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Berube most convincing analogy would be when he quoted the Red Sox won 3-1with the Yankees. He gave two specific examples of what the difference of analyzing and summarizing. What he wants his papers look like. Well he uses the comparison with sports because what he wants his students to know that what he looks for is a paper that catches the pub lic’s attention. He wants main points just as commentators argue about when a game is being played. Berube’s least convincing analogy was when he says that â€Å"sport talks are nothing but an entire entourage of chattering parasites.† What did he really meant if this is what he is trying to compare with his student’s writings and sports. This is why sports monocommentary is supposed to be doing –arguing about the game not just â€Å"Chattering† like he says. The author expresses the difference between analyzing and summarizing simply by contradicting himself with the rest of the essay, because he mentioned he wants his papers to be arguable just as sports talks should be. Berube says  that sports talks’ analogy is useful simply as a handy way of distinguishing between summary and analysis. â€Å"When a student paper cites textual evidence so compelling and unusual that it makes me go back and read passage in a question (good!) †¦Ã¢â‚¬ he quotes and a â€Å"suggests that a novel conclusion fails to resolve the questions and tensions raised by the rest of the narrative or makes claim that are directly contradicted by the literary text its self (bad!)†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (page 304) The significance of his point that â€Å"an observation is not a thesis means† because a thesis is usually an arguable piece of writing and in most cases factual and an observation is what is perceived by one at the moment meaning only you can base an opinion of what you just saw. In this paragraph Berube emphasizes his point on analyzing, summarizing, and sports talks. The above paragraph shows the author’s black and white thinking about his student’s papers. He believes that there are only two choices; one is the right choice and the other is not, deciding whether you sound right or not, â€Å"I simply know an A paper when I see one.† Audience of Berube’s essay could be anyone, but most likely his students. According to paragraph fifteen, he’s been using ESPN or sport talks as his source to compare it with his student’s essays. As I get to the end of the essay, I realized that Berube wasn’t able to answer his own question. But he was able to successfully compare analyzing and summarizing by giving easy and understandable reasons and resources.

Quest for freedom and equality essays

Quest for freedom and equality essays Very few of the presidents of the United States have been responsive to the African American quest for freedom and equality. Some of them in fact, have been rather hostile. An example would be when President Andrew Jackson vetoed civil rights legislation and the Freedmens Bureau Act. When Congress overrode his veto, he still refused to carry out the law and this lead to his impeachment. Most of the presidents however, have been largely silent on the issues of race. President Roosevelt spent 13 years in office without taking a stand on racial discrimination. Despite declaring that racism was morally wrong, President Kennedy too was reluctant to take a risk by supporting civil rights legislation. Even when he issued Executive Order 11063, banning discrimination in federally assisted housing, he did so reluctantly. The Supreme Court has historically been against the African American quest for freedom and equality. They were so much against African American rights that in the case of Dredd Scott v. Sanford, Chief Justice Taney went on record to echo the sentiments of the entire court system, stating that the rights of African Americans were not universal but rather existed only as whites might choose to grant them. During the post-Reconstruction era, the Supreme Court also ignored the intent of the framers of the Fourteenth and Fifteenth Amendments and declared unconstitutional several civil rights laws. Historically, the Congresss response to the African American quest for freedom and equality has been very patchy, but it was still the most responsive of the three branches of government. In 1787, Congress, through the Northwest Ordinance Act, banned slavery in the new territories of the upper Midwest. Then, in 1808, Congress abolished the slave trade. During the Civil War in 1862, Congress abolished slavery in the District of Columbia. From 1866 to 1875 Congress passed si ...

A Biography of Richard the Lionheart

A Biography of Richard the Lionheart Richard the Lionheart was born on September 8, 1157, in Oxford, England. He was generally considered to be his mothers favorite son, and has been described as spoiled and vain because of it. Richard was also known to let his temper get the better of him. Nevertheless, he could be shrewd in matters of politics and was famously skilled on the battlefield. He was also highly cultured and well-educated, and wrote poems and songs. Through most of his life he enjoyed the support and affection of his people, and for centuries after his death, Richard the Lionheart was one of the most popular kings in English history. Early Years Richard the Lionheart was the third son of King Henry II and Eleanor of Aquitaine, and although his eldest brother died young, the next in line, Henry, was named heir. Thus, Richard grew up with little realistic expectations of achieving the English throne. In any case, he was more interested in the familys French holdings than he was in England; he spoke little English, and he was made duke of the lands his mother had brought to her marriage when he was quite young: Aquitaine in 1168, and Poitiers three years later. In 1169, King Henry and King Louis VII of France agreed that Richard should be wed to Louiss daughter Alice. This engagement was to last for some time, although Richard never showed any interest in her; Alice was sent from her home to live with the court in England, while Richard stayed with his holdings in France. Brought up among the people he was to govern, Richard soon learned how to deal with the aristocracy. But his relationship with his father had some serious problems. In 1173, encouraged by his mother, Richard joined his brothers Henry and Geoffrey in rebelling against the king. The rebellion ultimately failied, Eleanor was imprisoned, and Richard found it necessary to submit to his father and receive a pardon for his transgressions. From Duke to King Richard In the early 1180s, Richard faced baronial revolts in his own lands. He displayed considerable military skill and earned a reputation for courage (the quality that led to his nickname of Richard the Lionheart), but he dealt so harshly with the rebels that they called on his brothers to help drive him from Aquitaine. Now his father interceded on his behalf, fearing the fragmentation of the empire he had built (the Angevin Empire, after Henrys lands of Anjou). However, no sooner had King Henry gathered his continental armies together than the younger Henry unexpectedly died, and the rebellion crumpled. As the oldest surviving son, Richard the Lionheart was now heir to England, Normandy, and Anjou. In light of his extensive holdings, his father wanted him to cede Aquitaine to his brother John, who had never had any territory to govern and was known as Lackland. But Richard had a deep attachment to the duchy. Rather than give it up, he turned to the king of France, Louiss son Philip II, with whom Richard had developed a firm political and personal friendship. In November of 1188 Richard paid homage to Philip for all his holdings in France, then joined forces with him to drive his father into submission. They forced Henry- who had indicated a willingness to name John his heir- to acknowledge Richard as heir to the English throne before he died in July 1189. The Crusader King Richard the Lionheart had become King of England; but his heart wasnt in the sceptred isle. Ever since Saladin had captured Jerusalem in 1187, Richards greatest ambition was to go to the Holy Land and take it back. His father had agreed to engage in the Crusades along with Philip, and a Saladin Tithe had been levied in England and France to raise funds for the endeavor. Now Richard took full advantage of the Saladin Tithe and the military apparatus that had been formed; he drew heavily from the royal treasury and sold anything that might bring him funds- offices, castles, lands, towns, lordships. In less than a year after his accession to the throne, Richard the Lionheart raised a substantial fleet and an impressive army to take on Crusade. Philip and Richard agreed to go to the Holy Land together, but not all was well between them. The French king wanted some of the lands that Henry had held, and that were now in Richards hands, which he believed rightfully belonged to France. Richard was not about to relinquish any of his holdings; in fact, he shored up the defenses of these lands and prepared for conflict. But neither king really wanted war with each other, especially with a Crusade awaiting their attention. In fact, the crusading spirit was strong in Europe at this time. Although there were always nobles who wouldnt put up a farthing for the effort, the vast majority of the European nobility were devout believers of the virtue and necessity of Crusade. Most of those who didnt take up arms themselves still supported the Crusading movement any way that they could. And right now, both Richard and Philip were being shown up by the septuagenarian German emperor, Frederick Barbarossa, who had already pulled together an army and set off for the Holy Land. In the face of public opinion, continuing their quarrel was not really feasible for either of the kings, but especially not for Philip, since Richard the Lionheart had worked so hard to fund his part in the Crusade. The French king chose to accept the promises that Richard made, probably against his better judgment. Among these pledges was Richards agreement to marry Philips sister Alice, who still languished in England, even though it appeared he had been negotiating for the hand of Berengaria of Navarre. Alliance with the King of Sicily In July of 1190 the Crusaders set off. They stopped at Messina, Sicily, in part because it served as an excellent point of departure from Europe to the Holy Land, but also because Richard had business with King Tancred. The new monarch had refused to hand over the bequest the late king had left to Richards father, and was witholding the dower owed to his predecessors widow and keeping her in close confinement. This was of special concern to Richard the Lionheart, because the widow was his favorite sister, Joan. To complicate matters, the Crusaders were clashing with the citizens of Messina. Richard resolved these problems in a matter of days. He demanded (and got) Joans release, but when her dower was not forthcoming he began taking control of strategic fortifications. When the unrest between the Crusaders and the townfolk flared into a riot, he personally quelled it with his own troops. Before Tancred knew it, Richard had taken hostages to secure the peace and begun constructing a wooden castle overlooking the city. Tancred was forced to make concessions to Richard the Lionheart or risk losing his throne. The agreement between Richard the Lionheart and Tancred ultimately benefited the king of Sicily, for it included an alliance against Tancreds rival, the new German emperor, Henry VI. Philip, on the other hand, was unwilling to jeopardize his friendship with Henry and was irritated at Richards virtual takeover of the island. He was mollified somewhat when Richard agreed to share the monies Tancred paid, but he soon had cause for further irritation. Richards mother Eleanor arrived in Sicily with her sons bride, and it was not Philips sister. Alice had been passed over in favor of Berengaria of Navarre, and Philip wasnt in either a financial or military position to address the insult. His relationship with Richard the Lionheart further deteriorated, and they would never recover their original affability. Richard couldnt marry Berengaria quite yet, because it was Lent; but now that shed arrived in Sicily he was ready to leave the island where he had tarried for several months. In April of 1191 he set sail for the Holy Land with his sister and fiancà © in a massive fleet of over 200 vessels. Invasion of Cyprus and Marriage Three days out of Messina, Richard the Lionheart and his fleet ran into a terrible storm. When it was over, about 25 ships were missing, including the one carrying Berengaria and Joan. In fact the missing ships had been blown further on, and three of them (though not the one Richards family were on) had been driven aground in Cyprus. Some of the crews and passengers had drowned; the ships had been plundered and the survivors were imprisoned. All of this had occurred under the governance of Isaac Ducas Comnenus, the Greek tyrant of Cyprus, who had at one point entered into an agreement with Saladin to protect the government hed set up in opposition to the ruling Angelus family of Constantinople. After having rendezvoused with Berengaria and secured her and Joans safety, Richard demanded restoration of the plundered goods and the release of those prisoners who hadnt already escaped. Isaac refused, rudely it was said, apparently confident in Richards disadvantage. To Isaacs chagrin, Richard the Lionheart successfully invaded the island, then attacked against the odds, and won. The Cypriots surrendered, Isaac submitted, and Richard took possession of Cyprus for England. This was of great strategic value, since Cyprus would prove to be an important part of the supply line of goods and troops from Europe to the Holy Land. Before Richard the Lionheart left Cyprus, he married Berengaria of Navarre on May 12, 1191. A Truce  in the Holy Land Richards first success in the Holy Land, after having sunk an enormous supply ship encountered on the way, was the capture of Acre. The city had been under siege by Crusaders for two years, and the work Philip had done upon his arrival to mine and sap the walls contributed to its fall. However, Richard not only brought an overwhelming force, he spent considerable time examining the situation and planning his attack before he even got there. It was almost inevitable that Acre should fall to Richard the Lionheart, and indeed, the city surrendered mere weeks after the king arrived. Shortly afterward, Philip returned to France. His departure was not without rancor, and Richard was probably glad to see him go. Although Richard the Lionheart scored a surprising and masterful victory at Arsuf, he was unable to press his advantage. Saladin had decided to destroy Ascalon, a logical fortification for Richard to capture. Taking and rebuilding Ascalon in order to more securely establish a supply line made good strategic sense, but few of his followers were interested in anything but moving on to Jerusalem. And fewer still were willing to stay on once, theroretically, Jerusalem was captured. Matters were complicated by quarrels among the various contingents and Richards own high-handed style of diplomacy. After considerable political wrangling, Richard came to the unavoidable conclusion that the conquest of Jerusalem would be far too difficult with the lack of military strategy hed encountered from his allies; furthermore, it would be virtually impossible to keep the Holy City should by some miracle he manage to take it. He negotiated a truce with  Saladin  that allowed the Crusaders to keep Acre and a strip of coast that gave Christian pilgrims access to sites of sacred significance, then headed back to Europe. Captive in Vienna The tension had grown so bad between the kings of England and France that Richard chose to go home by way of the Adriatic Sea in order to avoid Philips territory. Once again the weather played a part: a storm swept Richards ship ashore near Venice. Although he disguised himself to avoid the notice of Duke Leopold of Austria, with whom he had clashed after his victory at Acre, he was discovered in Vienna and imprisoned in the Dukes castle at Dà ¼rnstein, on the Danube. Leopold handed Richard the Lionheart over to the German emperor, Henry VI, who was no more fond of him than Leopold, thanks to Richards actions in Sicily. Henry kept Richard at various imperial castles as events unfolded and he gauged his next step. Legend has it that a minstrel called Blondel went from castle to castle in Germany seeking Richard, singing a song he had composed with the king. When Richard heard the song from within his prison walls, he sang a verse known only to himself and Blondel, and the minstrel knew he had found the Lionheart. However, the story is just a story. Henry had no reason to hide Richards whereabouts; in fact, it suited his purposes to let everyone know that he had captured one of the most powerful men in Christendom. The story cannot be traced back any earlier than the 13th century, and Blondel probably never even existed, although it made for good press for minstrels of the day. Henry threatened to turn Richard the Lionheart over to Philip unless he paid 150,000 marks and surrendered his kingdom, which he would receive back from the emperor as a fief. Richard agreed, and one of the most remarkable fund-raising efforts began.  John  was not eager to help his brother come home, but  Eleanor  did everything in her power to see her favorite son return safely. The people of England were heavily taxed, Churches were forced to give up valuables, monasteries were made to turn over a seasons wool harvest. In less than a year nearly all of the exhorbitant ransom had been raised. Richard was released in February, 1194, and hurried back to England, where he was crowned again to demonstrate that he was still in charge of an independent kingdom. The Death of Richard the Lionheart Almost immediately after his coronation, Richard the Lionheart left England for what would be the last time. He headed directly to France to engage in warfare with Philip, who had captured some of Richards lands. These skirmishes, which were occasionally interrupted by truces, lasted for the next five years. By March of 1199, Richard was involved in a siege of the castle at Chalus-Chabrol, which belonged to the Viscount of Limoges. There was some rumor of a treasure having been found on his lands, and Richard was reputed to have demanded the treasure be turned over to him; when it was not, he supposedly attacked. However, this is little more than a rumor; it was enough that the viscount had allied with Philip for Richard to move against him. On the evening of March 26, Richard was shot in the arm by a crossbow bolt while observing the progress of the siege. Although the bolt was removed and the wound was treated, infection set in, and Richard fell ill. He kept to his tent and limited visitors to keep the news from getting out, but he knew what was happening. Richard the Lionheart died on April 6, 1199. Richard was buried according to his instructions. Crowned and clothed in royal regalia, his body was entombed at Fontevraud, at the feet of his father; his heart was buried at Rouen, with his brother Henry; and his brain and entrails went to an abbey at Charroux, on the border of Poitous and Limousin. Even before he was laid to rest, rumors and legends sprang up that would follow Richard the Lionheart into history. Understanding the Real Richard Over the centuries, the view of Richard the Lionheart held by historians has undergone some notable changes. Once considered one of Englands greatest kings by virtue of his deeds in the Holy Land and his chivalrous reputation, in recent years Richard has been criticized for his absence from his kingdom and his incessant engagement in warfare. This change is more a reflection of modern sensibilities than it is of any new evidence uncovered about the man. Richard spent little time in England, it is true; but his English subjects admired his efforts in the east and his warrior ethic. He didnt speak much, if any, English; but then, neither had any monarch of England since the Norman Conquest. Its also important to remember that Richard was more than the king of England; he had lands in France and political interests elsewhere in Europe. His actions reflected these diverse interests, and, though he didnt always succeed, he usually attempted to do what was best for all his concerns, not just England. He did what he could to leave the country in good hands, and while things sometimes went awry, for the most part, England flourished during his reign. There remain some things we dont know about Richard the Lionheart, beginning with what he really looked like. The popular description of him as elegantly built, with long, supple, straight limbs and hair a color between red and gold, was first written nearly twenty years after Richards death, when the late king had already been lionized. The only contemporary description that exists indicates that he was taller than average. Because he displayed such prowess with the sword, he could have been muscular, but by the time of his death he may have put on weight, since the removal of the crossbow bolt was reportedly complicated by fat. Then theres the question of Richards sexuality. This complex issue boils down to one salient point: there is no  irrefutable  proof to support or contradict the assertion that Richard was a homosexual. Each piece of evidence can be, and has been, interpreted in more than one way, so every scholar can feel free to draw whatever conclusion suits him. Whichever Richards preference was, it apparently had no bearing on his ability as a military leader or a king. There are some things we  do  know about Richard. He was very fond of music, though he never played an instrument himself, and he wrote songs as well as poems. He reportedly displayed a quick wit and a playful sense of humor. He saw the value of tournaments as preparation for war, and although he rarely participated himself, he designated five sites in England as official tournament locations, and appointed a director of tournaments and a collector of fees. This was in opposition to numerous decrees of the Church; but Richard was a devout Christian, and diligently attended mass, evidently enjoying it. Richard made many enemies, especially through his actions in the Holy Land, where he insulted and quarreled with his allies even more than his foes. Yet he apparently had a great deal of personal charisma, and could inspire intense loyalty. Though renowned for his chivalry, as a man of his times he did not extend that chivalry to the lower classes; but he was at ease with his servants and followers. Although he was talented at acquiring funds and valuables, in keeping with the tenets of chivalry he was also notably generous. He could be hot-tempered, arrogant, self-centered and impatient, but there are many stories of his kindness, insight and goodheartedness. In the final analysis, Richards reputation as an extraordinary general endures, and his stature as an international figure stands tall. While he cannot measure up to the heroic character early admirers depicted him as, few people could. Once we view Richard as a real person, with real foibles and quirks, real strengths and weaknesses, he may be less admirable, but he is more complex, more human, and much more interesting.